释《太平经》“平言”、“平道”、“行言”、“行道”、“平行”——兼与王云路、俞理明先生商榷

Explain the Words "pingyan"、"pingdao"、"xingyan"、"xingdao"、"pingxing" in Taipingjing——and Discuss This with Mr.Wang Yunlu and Mr.Yu Liming

《太平经》有"平言"、"行言""平行"、"平道"、"行道"等词。王云路认为,这是一组同义词语,正确,但是释其义为"径直讲来",误。经考,这组词语中的"平"与"行",都是"言"的同义词。"平言"、"平道"、"行言"、"行道"、"平行"都是同义词连用形式。它们的基本语义都是"言说",此外,还兼表说话的方式,具有"慢慢地说"的意思。俞理明在这组词语中的第一个字后面断句,释"平"为"尊者对卑者的应对语,意思是免礼。"释"行"为"应对用语,表示上文结束,继续进行以下的活动。"并误。又,古汉语构词有"参互成语兼同义连用"一格,此组词语即其例。

There are the words＂ pingyan＂ ,＂ pingdao＂,＂ xingyan＂ ,＂ xingdao＂ ,＂ pingxing＂ in Taipingjing. Mr. Wang Yunlu considers that these words are a set of synonyms. This point of view is right. But it is false that Mr. Wang explains these words as the meaning ＂speak directly＂. Through the research, we know＂ ping＂ and＂ xing＂ in the set of words above are the synonyms of＂ yan＂. The words ＂pingyan＂, ＂pingdao＂, ＂xingyan＂, ＂xingdao＂, ＂pingxing＂ are all in the form of using synonyms continuously. The basic meanings of them are＂ speak＂, and at the same time, these words express the manner of speaking, mean＂ speak slowly＂. Mr. Yu Liming adding the interpunctions after the first characters in this group of words ,explains＂ ping＂ as the meaning of＂ the people of high status speak to the low,and express foregoing formalities＂ ;explains＂ xing＂ as＂ answering diction, means that the last thing has finished, and go on for the following activity＂. But Mr. Yu＇ s explanations are all improper. In ancient Chinese, there is a format called＂ constituting the idioms mutually while using synonyms continuously＇in word -building,and the set of synonyms are the examples of this format.