氮素用量、形态、种类对烤烟生长发育及产量品质影响的研究

Study of the Effects of Applied Different Rates,Forms and Kinds of Fertilizer N on Growth,Development,Yield and Quality of Flue—cured Tobacco

1987—1988年连续两年在肥力中等的砂壤土上进行大田和盆栽试验,研究了不同氮素用量、氮素形态和不同氮肥对烤烟的一些农艺性状、化学特性和产量品质的影响。试验结果表明,亩施纯氮4.5kg,采用50%无机氮(25%NO_3^-N+75%NH_4^+-N)+50%有机氮的施肥方式,烟草的根系活力,根系ATP 含量,烤后烟叶中的绿原酸含量、钾、总糖、还原糖与Amadori化合物形成有关的游离氨基酸含量的总和较高,几种与烤烟品质关系密切的化学成分的比值合理,产量、产值及上中等烟比例等经济性状最佳。根据研究结果认为:烤烟大田生产中氮素的施用量为4.5kg/亩,采用50%无机氮(25%NO_3^--N+75%NH_4^+-N)+50%有机氮的施肥方式最佳。

A field and pot cultural experimant were conducted in 1987 and 1988on sandy loam to study the effects of different rates,forms and kinds of fer-tilizer N on selected agronomic and chemical characteristics,yield and qualityof flue—cured tobacco.The appropriate rate of nitrogen is 4.5kg/mu in thestyle of 50%mineral N(25%NO_3^--N+75%NH_4^+-N)+50% organic N,co-mpared to all other treatments,the result of experiment had a higher vigorof roots,a higher content of ATP in roots,chlorogenic acid,potassium,tot-al sugars,redule sugars and the free amino acids relating to the compound ofAmadori in cured leaves.The ratio among several chemical compositions wereapt in cured leaves.The quality grades,yield,value in cured leaves were thehighest.In general,it is the best if the 50% mineral N(25%NO_3^--N+75%NH_4^+-N)+50% organil N at 4.5 kg/mu is adopted in field.