天然橡胶硫化胶粉的微生物脱硫初探

Microorganism devulcanization of ground natural rubber vulcanizate

利用酵母提取的含巯基物质作脱硫剂对天然橡胶胶粉定向脱硫,考察了多种影响脱硫效果的因素。结果表明,用含巯基酵母提取物在有机溶剂和氨类相转移催化剂配成的乳液中对天然橡胶胶粉脱硫,可获得显著的脱硫效果。在胶粉、环己烷、氨类相转移催化剂及酵母提取物分别为100,76,6,0.5～1.0质量份、温度40℃和反应时间2 h的条件下,可获得性能较好的脱硫胶粉。脱硫胶粉胶料的溶胀比显著增大,模压胶料的均匀度和性能提高,酵母提取物起到了降低胶粉交联密度的作用。X射线光电子能谱检测结果表明,胶粉粒子表面硫含量明显降低。

The ground natural rubber（NR） was devulcanizated by a mercapto-containing yeast extractive, and the influence of factors were investigated. The results showed that the yeast extractive played a remarkable role in the devulcanization of the ground NR in the emulsion prepared with organic solvent and ammonia bearing phase-transfer catalyst. The devulcanizated ground NR with good mechanical properties could be obtained under the conditions of amount of ground rubber 100 phr, cyclohexane 76 phr, ammonia bearing phase-transfer catalyst 6 phr and yeast extractive 0.5 - 1.0 phr and at 40 ℃ for 2 h. The swelling ratio of the devulcanizated ground NR was significantly increased. The uniformity and the mechanical properties of the moulded rubber stock were also increased. The crosslinking density of the ground rubber was reduced by the yeast extractives. The results from X-ray photoelectron spectrometry analysis demonstrated that the sulfur content on the surface of the ground rubber was reduced notably.