气体成分对磁致旋转喷射过渡焊接过程的影响

Effect of gas components on welding process of rotation spray transfer induced by magnetism

分析了不同气体成分(纯Ar、φ(Ar)98%+φ(O2)2%、(φAr)80%+(φCO2)20%)下的磁致旋转喷射过渡焊接工艺的电弧形态及运动特征、熔滴过渡机制和焊缝成形特点。试验结果表明,施加纵向磁场后,焊接电弧和液流束都偏移焊丝轴线一定的角度作有规律的旋转运动,其中采用φ(Ar)80%+φ(CO2)20%的电弧旋转速度最大,纯Ar次之,而(φAr)98%+(φO2)2%最小,并且后两者的电弧偏离焊丝轴线的角度较小,焊丝端头始终在电弧的包围之中,而前者的阳极弧根仅分布在液流束的端部,飞溅较大;利用纵向磁场对焊接电弧的附加电磁力促使电弧旋转还能够改善焊缝成形。

The feature of arc shape and movement,mechanics of drop transfer and the characteristics of weld formation with different gas components （pure Ar,φ（Ar）98%＋φ（O2）2% ,φ（Ar）80%＋φ（CO2）20%） is analyzed in this paper.Experimental results show the regularly rotating welding arc and the liquid metal jet deviated from the axis of wire in some angle.The arc rotate velocity is the largest with φ（Ar）80%＋φ（CO2）20% ,the second is pure Ar,and the slowest is φ（Ar）98%＋φ（O2）2%.The angle deviating from the axis of wire is the least with pure Ar and φ（Ar）98%＋φ（O2）2%.The positive pole arc root of the former is distributing in the end of the liquid metal jet and sputtering is bigger.Longitudinal magnetic field can improve weld formation.