山区现代化与文化旅游发展初步研究--以川中丘陵区为例

Preiminary Study on Modenization and Cultural Tourism Development of Mountainous Areas:the Case of the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin

经济全球化一方面加速山区的边缘化趋势,另一方面通过促进文化产业、文化旅游的全球性快速增长为文化资源丰富的山区提供发展机会。以川中丘陵区为研究区,探讨了现代化与文化旅游的作用关系。川中丘陵区在过去几年中国经济快速增长的背景下,地方生产总值保持14.8%的高年均增长速度,而现代化水平依然处于第一次现代化的起步期;与人口稀疏山区相比,人口稠密的川中丘陵区文化旅游资源比较优势更为突出,文化旅游的优先地位更为明显,但是研究区的实践表明,山区文化旅游发展并没有显现发达社会的理想状态。研究区经过20多年的发展,文化旅游的高端特征并不明显,总体处于旅游发展的初期,对地区现代化进程有一定的积极作用,但影响非常有限,对文化旅游特点和规律认识不足可能是重要原因之一。在全球化趋势为山区文化旅游提供发展机遇的同时,也对文化旅游发展提出挑战。为此,简要提出相应的应对策略。

Economical globalization accelerates the peripheral trends of mountainous areas, while it provides development opportunities for the places of full cultural resources through such a fact that the growth of cultural industry or cultural tourism is speedy increased in world wide. This article discusses the linkage of cultural tourism to areas modernization progress in case of the Central Sichuan Basin surrounded by mountainous areas, filled with reddish hilly rocks and populated with high density in southwest China. The modernization level of the example area falls still in the initial stage of the First Modernization based on the detail qualitative and quantitative assessment with the Modernization Theory - given the standard and methods in this paper, though the increasing of GDP in study areas has been maintained in very higher speed of 14. 8 percents per year in past decade with the rapid growth of China economy. In mountain areas abundance cultural tourism resources exists, and its development gets higher priority position than the other subtype of mountain tourism, which is much more easily seen in mountainous areas of higher density populations contrasting to that of lower density populations. Although there are more than 20 years＇ history of cultural tourism development, the study areas＇ cultural tourism hasn＇ t approached to the ＇ good＇ state as it is evidenced in developed society, the upscale characters of cultural tourists haven＇ t been unclearly showed in relative remote study areas, they are mainly composed of local residents, and the development stage of cultural tourism has been still kept in the Explore Stage of Butler＇ s Life Cycle Theory comparing with the Development Stage of other tourist destinations in the Sichuan Province. Although its positive driven roles have been hardly recognized in this research, the effect of cultural tourism on the local modernization development is very limited. The lacks of understanding cultural tourism is possibly one of the most important reasons, but some threats and challenges from globalization to the cultural tourism development have been deeply ignored by levels of governments with some so - called yearning opportunities but difficult to accomplish. Thus some strategies to solve these problems related to globalization on the cultural tourism development of the study areas have been suggested in the last part of this paper such as improving accessibility, developing transport tourism, developing tourism in the centre of city and so on.