烟蚜Myzus persicae为害对烟叶化学成分含量及性状的影响

Effects of Myzus persicae(Sulzer)Damage on the Content of Chemical Components and Properties of Tobacco Leaves

1987年和1989年分别在网室内和大田研究了烟蚜为害对烟草品质性状的影响,结果表明,1)烟蚜为害能引起叶片主要化学成分发生变化。苗期接蚜,受害烟草叶片中烟碱含量下降,总氮、蛋白质、还原糖、氯含量升高,钾禽量变化不明显;旺长期接蚜,最低侵害水平(T_1)引起钾含量显著升高.其余成分变化趋势与苗期接蚜相似。2)烟蚜不仅直接刺吸炳草汁液,而且分泌蜜露污染叶片,叶片上蜜露覆盖程度随烟蚜侵害水平增加而提高。3)蚜害导致烟草生长发育不良,受害烟草株高降低,叶而积减小,叶质重下降,但叶片数变化不显著。受害的中部叶片烘烤后中级烟比例下降。

The effects of Myzus persicae damage on the quality of tobaccoleaves were studied in net-room and field respectively in 1987 and 1989.Theresults show 1)There is a variation of the chemical components in aphid inj-ured tobacco leaves.Aphids reduced nicotine,increased total nitrogen,red-uctive sugar,protein and chlorine,but potassium content varied insignifica-ntly in the leaves of plant damdged at seedling stage.The lowest injurylevel(T_1)would increase the content of potassium,the other componentsat vigorous growth stage when plant were inoculated with aphids have sim-ilar change tendency to those at seedling stage.2)In addition to suckingthe plant juice,aphids also deposit honey-dew to darken the leaves.Themore aphid injury level,the more aera of the leaf covered with honey-dew.3)Aphids retard the growth and development of the plant,reduce the plantheight,the leaf aera and weight(mg/cm^2),but have no influence on theleaf number significantly except in T_4.Aphids also raise reduce the propor-tion of mid-grade tobacco leaves growing at the middle part of the plant.