杀虫剂对褐飞虱捕食性天敌黑肩绿盲蝽的安全性评价

Safety Evaluation of Insecticides to Cyrtohinus lividipennis (Reuter) (Hemiptera:Miridae),a Predator of Nilaparvata lugens (Stl) (Homoptera:Delphacidae)

【目的】评估7类14种杀虫剂对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens(Stl)的重要捕食性天敌黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtohinus lividipennis(Reuter)成虫、若虫和卵的安全性。【方法】在室内条件下,用药膜法、稻株喷雾法及稻茎浸渍法测定杀虫剂对黑肩绿盲蝽的安全性。【结果】药膜法测定结果表明氟虫腈、噻虫嗪和异丙威3种杀虫剂对成虫不安全(Ⅳ级),LC50值为0.20～0.74mga.i.·L-1;氟硅菊酯、醚菊酯对成虫安全(Ⅰ级),LC50值>160.0mga.i.·L-1。稻株喷雾法测定结果表明噻嗪酮在药后1d对成虫安全(Ⅰ级),死亡率为1.7%;在药后4～10d,丁硫克百威、氟虫腈、噻虫嗪、吡虫啉为较不安全或不安全(Ⅲ级或Ⅳ级),死亡率为70.0%～100.0%。稻茎浸渍法测定结果表明除噻嗪酮和阿维菌素外,其余供试杀虫剂均对黑肩绿盲蝽若虫不安全(Ⅳ级)。稻株喷雾法测定结果表明醚菊酯、阿维菌素、氟硅菊酯、敌敌畏、噻嗪酮对卵安全(Ⅰ级),孵化抑制率<20%,而丁硫克百威对卵较不安全(Ⅲ级),孵化抑制率为52.24%。【结论】IGR类噻嗪酮对黑肩绿盲蝽各虫态均很安全,其它供试杀虫剂对黑肩绿盲蝽的安全性因杀虫剂和虫态的不同而异。

[Objective] Evaluating the safety of 14 insecticides in seven groups to adults, nymphs and eggs of Cyrtohinus lividipennis （Reuter）, an important predator ofNilaparvata lugens （Stal）. [Method] Toxic film method, rice spray method and rice stem dipping method were used to test the safety of insecticides to C. lividipennis under laboratory conditions. [Result] The results tested by toxic film method showed that fipronl, thiamethoxam and isoprocarb were unsafe to adults （Ⅳclass）, their LC50 values were 0.20-0.74 mg a.i.·L^-1, while silafluofen and etofenprox were safe to adults （ Ⅰ class）, and their LC50 values were〉 160.0 mg a.i.·L^-1. Buprofezin was safe to adults of C lividipennis （ Ⅰ class） by rice spray method, caused only 1.7% mortality at 1 day after treatment, while carbosulfan, fipronil, thiamethoxam and imidapcloprid were moderate toxic or highly toxic to adults （Ⅲ or Ⅳ class）, caused 70%-100% mortality at 4-10 days after treatment. The results tested by rice stem dipping method showed that tested insecticides were unsafe to nymphs of C. lividipennis except buprofezin and abamectin （Ⅳclass）. The results tested by rice spray method explained that etofenprox, abamectin, silafluofen, dichorvos and buprofezin were safe to eggs of C. lividipennis （ Ⅰ class）, their hatching inhibition rate were lower than 20.0%, while carbosulfan was moderately toxic to eggs of C. lividipennis （Ⅲclass）, its hatching inhibition rate were 52.24%. [ Conclusion] IGRs buprofezin were safe to each stage of C. lividipennis, while the safety of other tested insecticides varied with insecticides and stages.