重金属复合污染在环境水质监测中的急性毒性效应研究

Effects of Acute-toxicity on Water Quality Monitoring under Combined Pollution of Heavy Metals

文章应用急性毒性分析仪对污水排放标准(GB8978-1996)中第一类污染物重金属总汞、总镉、六价铬、总砷、总铅、总镍、总铍等元素进行了急性毒性分析,探讨了金属单元素及复合金属元素的急性毒性效应。结果表明:铅具有明显的急性生物毒性;镉、六价铬对铅有明显的拮抗作用;汞、砷、镍、铍对铅有协同作用,并且镍对铅的协同作用最明显,呈较强的急性生物毒性;污水排放标准(GB8978-1996)中第一类污染物总铅的标准限值应低于0.80 mg/L。

With the application of acute-toxicity analyzer, the paper analyzed the acute-toxicity or heavy metal element-total Hg, total Cd. chromium（ VI ）, total As, total Pb, total Ni, total Be and so on which were categorized as first class pollutants in Integrated Wastcwatcr Discharge Standard, and explored the cffcets of acute-toxicity from metallic single elements and combined metallic elements. The rcsuhs show that Pb has distract acute bio-toxicity; Cd and chromium（VI）had distinct Antagonism on Pb; Hg, As, Ni and Be had Synergism on Pb, especially Ni, which had stronger acute bio-toxicity; the standard limit of total Pb, categorized as first class pollutant in lntegrated Wastewater Discharge Standard, should be lower than 0.80 mg/L