条斑星鲽免疫器官个体发生的组织学观察

Ontogeny of immune organs during early development stage of barfin flounder

应用石蜡切片技术和显微观察法，对从孵化后到变态完成（55～60日龄）的条斑星鲽（Verasper moseri Jordan et Gilbert）仔稚幼鱼早期发育中免疫系统的组织结构进行了研究，描述了个体发育过程中的组织学结构特征。实验表明；在13～15℃，条斑星鲽免疫器官原基出现的先后顺序为肾脏、脾脏和胸腺。孵化后即出现肾脏原基，8日龄和12日龄分别出现脾脏和胸腺原基；而免疫器官淋巴化的先后顺序较为特殊，首先淋巴化的器官是头肾，其次为胸腺和脾脏，不同于大多数海水鱼类。在其免疫器官发生后期除头肾和脾脏外，在胸腺中同样出现黑色素巨嗜细胞中心，虽然在数量和形态上不如头肾和脾脏丰富。作者通过对条王醺星鲽免疫器官发生过程研究，初步了解了其免疫器官发生，成熟过程以及特点，为进一步开展条斑星鲽的规模化养殖，以及人工疫苗的应用提供理论依据。

A histological examination was made on the ontogenetic development of immune organs （thymus, kidney and spleen） from hatching to the 60th day after hatching（DAH） in barfin flounder. The sequences of appearance of the immune organs＇ anlage were kidney, spleen and thymus, similar to those of other marine teleosts previously documented. The first functional lymphoid organ was head kidney, different from that of other marine teleosts： thymus was the first lymphoid organ normally. During the larval period, the head kidney and thymus were always closed with each other, but the cell bridge was not apparent. During the posterior developmental period of the immune organs, the melano-macrophage centers （MMCs） were seen in all the three immune organs, also including the thymus, although the structure and abundance are different within them. Through the study on immune organs in harfin flounder, we could have a basic acquaintanceship with the ontogeny, maturation and its characteristics of immune organs. And all data from this study would provide a theoretical basis of the further intensive aquaculture of the barfin flounder as well as the application of artificial vaccine.