载流条件下铜基粉末冶金材料的摩擦磨损行为

Friction and Wear Behavior of Copper-Base Powder Metallurgical Material Sliding against Cu-Cr Alloys under in the Presence of Electric Current

载流条件下材料的摩擦学性能对于铁铬弓网系统、电极电刷以及航天航空运用都有重要意义。以铜基粉末冶金材料为对象,在专用的载流摩擦磨损试验机上,系统地研究了载流电流密度、滑动速度与接触压力对摩擦磨损特性的影响规律。结果表明:电流、接触压力与滑动速度对载流摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能存在着强烈的交互作用。电流介入产生的电弧损伤严重,恶化了摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能;一定的接触压力有利于获得比较稳定的载流摩擦表面接触,对于高速、大功率电力机车,一定的接触压力有利于保证良好的载流质量,减少电弧产生。

A specially designed friction and wear tester was performed to evaluate the friction and wear behavior copper-base powder metallurgical material dry sliding against Cu-Cr alloys in the presence of electric current.The effects of current density,sliding velocity,and contacting pressure on the friction and wear behavior of the frictional pair were systematically investigated.Results indicated that strong interactions existed among the electric current,sliding velocity,and contacting pressure in terms of their effects on the friction and wear behavior of the Cu-base metallurgical material.Namely,due to arc-induced damage,the frictional pair experienced more severe friction and wear in the presence of current,while the introduction of a certain contacting pressure helped to realize a stable surface contact of the frictional pair therein.Moreover,for the locomotives with high-speed and large power,the introduction of a certain contacting pressure was beneficial to keeping good current-loading quality and retarding the formation of electric arc.