长株潭地区经济增长与工业污染变迁的实证研究

EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CHANGES IN CHANGSHA-ZHUZHOU-XIANGTAN REGION

根据长株潭地区1990～2006年经济与工业污染数据,分析了经济发展与环境污染的相互关系,建立了二者之间的计量模型。研究表明:作为一个重化工业城市群,长株潭自20世纪90年代以来,在经济高速发展的情况下,其环境恶化程度逐步得到局部控制。其中,长沙市部分环境指标与人均GDP演替轨迹呈现显著的环境库兹涅茨曲线特征;而株洲市和湘潭市工业污染排放量与人均GDP呈"U"形特征,即随着经济的增长,环境污染先是有一定程度的缓解,但随即有较大幅度的反弹。为了进一步促进长株潭地区经济与环境的协调发展,三地政府一方面应采取措施加快产业结构调整和优化工业布局,另一方面,还应尝试实施"排污权交易"和"受益者支付"原则等积极的环保管理手段和政策。

Based on the economic and industrial pollution data in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region in the period from 1990 to 2006,a quantitative model was proposed to analyze the relationship between economic growth and the change of industrial pollution. In Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region,a heavy industry district, the environmental degradation has been partially controlled with the economic growth since 1990. The relationship between some environmental indicators and GDP per capita in Changsha City shows itself like an Environmental Kuznets Curve （EKC）. However, the relationships between some environmental indicators and GDP per capita in Zhuzhou and Xiangtan City unfold like the ＂U＂ curve. It appears that the industrial pollution has been improved to some extent, but it rebounded subsequently. In order to further promote coordinate development of environment and economy in the three cities, some measures should be adopted. On the one hand,the government should take measures to adjust industrial structure and optimize industrial arrangement continuously. On the other hand, the government should carry out some positive systems and policies of environmental protection, such as ＂emission trading institution＂ and ＂beneficiary pays＂ principle etc.