全垫升气垫船的航向稳定性

The Course Stability of an Air Cushion Vehicle

建立了全垫升气垫船的4自由度操纵运动数学模型.采用水平面平面运动机构进行约束模型试验来测量气垫船的水动力,试验中改变了速度、漂角、摇首角速度和横倾角;用风洞试验来测量气垫船的空气动力,试验中改变了漂角和螺旋桨的推力.对直航和斜航的航向稳定性进行了计算.计算结果表明,全垫升气垫船的航速越高,航向稳定性越好,在越峰前不具有航向稳定性;逆风对于航向稳定性是有利的,顺风则不利.

A four-degree-of-freedom mathematical model was established to investigate the maneuverability of an air cushion vehicle （ACV）. A series of constrained model experiments with horizontal-planar-motionmechanism （HPMM） were conducted to determine the hydrodynamics over a wide range of operating conditions such as speed, drift angle, yawing angular speed and roll angle. The forces of aerodynamic, propellers and rudders were obtained by wind tunnel model experiments. The ACV＇s course stability was calculated for straight and oblique run. The calculation results show that the ACV is more stable with higher speed and unstable below hump. The ACV＇s course stability is better in a headwind than in a tailwind.