论商族早期社会形态的演进历程

On the Evolving Process of the Early Social Pattern of Shang Tribe

夏代之时,商族在迁徙过程中,其整个社会形态、氏族组织发生了很大的变化,由母系向父系、由父系向部落联盟的军事民主制,最终向原始的国家雏形过渡、变迁。对于商族而言,其始祖契时已经进入了父系氏族阶段,王亥王恒时期已是典型的军事民主制时期,而大约在上甲时期商族已初具国家形态的雏形。商族国家的形成之路,颇有些与后世那种周边游牧民族入主中原的模式相似,或者可以说有些像是征服者日耳曼模式。

The Shang Tribe had made great change of its social pattern and the tribe organization from the matriarchal society to the paternal line at the first ancestor Qi period, then to military and democratic system at the King Hai and the King Heng period, and at last to the primary nation at Shangjia period during their migration period in Xia time, which is similar to the pattern of the nomadic tribes to occupy the Central Plains, and the conqueror Germanic pattern.