中国银行自由化的数量效应：源于储蓄、资本形成的经验证据

Quantitative Effect of China Bank Freedom:an Empirical Study on Saving and Capital Formation

与质量效应不同,金融自由化的数量效应存在于水平方向,它主要表现为对私人储蓄率、宏观投资率的提升和(尤其是对私人部门)信贷可获得性的提高等方面。90年代初期以来,中国开始推进金融自由化改革,并于2005年取得实质性突破。作为市场化改革的最后一个步骤,金融自由化应该在水平方向影响着中国的私人储蓄和投资,但鲜有文献涉及此问题。作为一种尝试,以国内金融部门(银行)为代表,本文计算了一个金融自由化指数。利用这个指数,我们就银行自由化对私人储蓄和投资的水平影响问题进行了实证分析。结果表明,金融自由化的数量效应是显著的:自由化指数每提高1,私人储蓄率提高16%,信贷可获得性提高1%,宏观投资率提高9%。本文结论为中国金融自由化的水平效应提供了有利的经验证据。它也表明,在过去的一个时期,要素效应仍是金融作用于中国宏观经济的重要机制。

Quantitative effect of financial freedom exists in horizontality,which is represented by the promotion of private savings,macro investment and credit availability. China began financial reform in early 1990's and got substantial progress in 2005. Financial freedom should have impact on Chinese private savings and investment. However,few researches have touched this area. This paper estimates financial freedom index with which we conducts an empirical study. The results show significant quantitative effect of bank freedom on private savings and credit availability.