厦门市春季地面降水的物理与化学特征

The Chemical and Physical Character of Precipitation on Ground Level in Spring Season in Xiamen City

１９９３年３月２５日～４月８日，在厦门市后坑村完成了一次降水的物理与化学同步联合观测，分析了降水样品的ｐＨ值和离子化学组成。结果表明厦门市后坑村春季降水已被酸化，降水ｐＨ加权平均值是４２２。降水中主要离子是ＮＨ＋４，Ｃａ２＋和ＳＯ２－４。厦门市后坑村酸雨是硫酸型的，是由煤烟型大气污染造成的。降水的雨滴谱类型随雨强变化而不同，小雨时是单调递减型，雨强增大时，雨滴谱出现峰值。

A field survey including physics and chemistry of precipitation at Houkeng Village in Xiamen City was carried out from March 25 to April 8, 1993, pH value and ions chemical composition of rain samples were measured. The results show that the precipitation in spring at this village was a type of sulphuric acid and was caused by air pollution resulted from coal combustion, and its weighted average pH value was 4.22; the distribution type of rain droplets in precipitation was different following rain strength variation, i.e. the distribution was a type of monotone decrease while the rain strength was small, and the distribution appeared peak while the rain strength was getting bigger.