水平角观测时竖轴倾斜引起误差的改正方法探讨

Method of Measuring Angles along the Horizontal Plane as the Vertical Axis Tilt

对于水平角观测时垂直轴倾斜带来的影响,一是采用测回间重新整平的方法来削弱;二是在有竖盘指标水准管的情况下,读取格值施加改正数的方法来削弱。但这两种方法的精度有限,且对于无竖盘指标水准管的仪器目前没有提出相应的解决方法,"虚拟目标法"可以有效地解决这个问题。

The tilt of the vertical axis will influence the results when you measure angles along the horizontal plane. One way to decrease the impact is to level before each position; the other method is to read out a number on a graduated bubble tube, which is equipped on the vertical plane of the theodolite, and then use the number to correct the result. However, both of them are cursory modification. What＇s more, there is still no measurement to this problem as many theodolites without graduated bubble tube equipped on the vertical plane. Then the assumed object method is presented to solve this problem.