同源四倍体水稻主要农艺性状杂种优势分析

Heterosis Analysis on Main Agronomic Traits in Autoteraploid Rice

分别利用12个不同生态类型的同源四倍体水稻作亲本,采用NCⅡ不完全双列杂交设计,组配4×8不完全双列杂交组合,对16个主要农艺性状进行了杂种优势分析.结果表明,同源四倍体水稻杂种一代主要农艺性状具有明显的杂种优势.除抽穗期外,其余15个供试性状均表现正向的中亲优势;除了抽穗期、十粒长和十粒宽3个性状外,其余13个供试性状在绝大多数组合中均表现正向的超亲优势.与二倍体杂交稻培杂77比较,同源四倍体水稻杂种在粒形、粒质量、叶面积和穗长上具有正向竞争优势.选出2个结实率和单株粒质量具有竞争优势的组合.

To analyze heterosis of 16 main agronomic traits in autoteraploid hybrid rice, incomplete diallel cross（4 × 8 ） was designed according to NC Ⅱ by using twelve autotetraploid rice lines. The results showed that the main agronomic traits have significant heterosis in hybrid of autoteraploid rice. Sixteen agronomic traits except heading stage showed positive heterosis over mid-parents. All agronomic traits except heading stage, 10-grain length and 10-grain width showed positive heterosis over hightest-parents. The fact that autotetraploid excelled the CK hybrid rice, Peiza77 in shape of grain, mass of grain, area of flag leaf suggested utilization potential of autotetraploid rice. According to the results of heterosis analysis and comparison of agronomic traits, two crosses with significant competitive heterosis were selected.