马铃薯干物质积累与钙含量变化的动态分析

Dynamic Analysis of Dry Matter Accumulation and Calcium Content in Potato

研究了两个马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)品种紫花白和费乌瑞它的干物质积累和钙含量动态变化,结果表明:两品种茎叶、根系和块茎的干重和钙含量的增加随植株的生长,均呈现出"快—慢—快"的趋势;两品种不同器官干重由高到低的次序依次为:块茎>茎叶>根,而钙含量由高到低的次序为:茎叶>根系>块茎。通过对块茎不同发育时期钙含量变化的研究,发现两个品种块茎中钙含量的变化趋势是从块茎形成期开始迅速提高,到块茎膨大结束钙吸收减少,在块茎的整个生长发育期间,块茎形成期和膨大期吸收的钙占全部钙含量的60%以上,而且块茎钙含量与干重的变化趋势一致。另外,紫花白块茎中矿质离子的含量均高于费乌瑞它,表明两品种在矿质离子吸收方面存在遗传上的差异。

The dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation and calcium content of two potato cuhivars were studied. The resuh showed that the trends of dry matter accumulation and calcium content of stem, leaf, root and tuber of the two varieties were similar, with a trend of fast-slow-fast with the development of potato. The dry matter accumulation was tuber〉stem and leaf〉root, and calcium content was stem and leaf〉root〉 tuber. The calcium content of tuber increased rapidly from the beginning of tuber- ization to the end of tuber bulking. During this period, the calcium accumulation accounted for over 60% of the total amount. Moreover, the change of dry matter accumulation was consistent with the calcium content of tuber. For the absorption of mineral elements Zihuabai was higher than Favorita, indicating the existense of genetic difference.