胰腺组织学特点与疾病潜在关系的分析

Potential relationship between pancreatic histological features and its diseases

目的研究胰腺组织学特点与其疾病的潜在关系。方法收集卫生部北京医院与新疆医科大学第一附属医院2005年4月至2006年6月胰腺标本49例，分别从胰腺周围组织、胰腺小叶间隙和胰管的组织结构特点的角度分析胰腺组织学特点与胰腺疾病的潜在关系。结果正常胰腺周围为疏松结缔组织，无明确被膜结构；胰腺小叶间隙是胰腺血液、神经、淋巴出入胰腺实质的通路，其组织结构为疏松结缔组织，与胰腺周围的疏松结缔组织和腹膜后疏松结缔组织相连续；慢性胰腺炎或胰腺癌其胰腺周围为致密结缔组织，离病变胰腺组织越近程度越明显，而小叶间隙变化为大量纤维组织及淋巴细胞浸润，小叶间隙增宽和小叶萎缩或癌变；胰管主要由单层上皮细胞组织和致密结缔组织构成，无明显的肌层结构。结论胰腺无被膜结构和小叶间隙疏松结缔组织的通路结构与胰腺具有的内外分泌功能相一致，但其与胰腺炎和胰腺癌等胰腺疾病的难治性有一定的直接关系。

Objective To investigate the potential relationship between the pancreatic histological features and its diseases. Methods We collected 49 pancreatic samples from Beijing Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from April 2005 to June 2006 to determine the structure of pancreatic peripheral tissue, the structural characteristics of pancreatic lobule and duct in healthy pancreas and its abnormality. Results There were loose connective tissue occupying the frontage and backside of healthy pancreas. The basic unit of pancreas was pancreatic lobule. The blood supply of pancreatic parenchyma was through the gap of pancreatic lobule from periphery. Pancreatic duct was mainly composed of simple epithelial cells and dense connective tissue but not muscular layer. There was dense connective tissue occupying the frontage and backside of pancreas while there was chronic pancreatitis happened. The situation presented more apparently with decreasing of distance to lesion of pancreatic tissue. A great deal of fibrous structure and lymphocyte soaked the gap of pancreatic lobule and the gap of pancreatic lobule became wider and pancreatic lobule atrophied. Conclusion Pancreas can not form envelope. Pass structure of the loose connective tissue in the blank of glandular lobule is in accord with endocrine and exocrine function of pancreas. Difficulty of the therapy in acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer is directly related to the structural features of pancreas.