血培养阳性主要致病菌分布及耐药性分析

Study on distribution and antibiotics resistance of the main pathogenic bacterium of positive hemoculture

目的了解血培养阳性主要致病菌分布及其耐药情况,为临床合理选择抗生素,有效治疗感染患者,提供科学依据。方法利用法国梅里埃全自动血液培养仪和细菌鉴定仪,进行血培养及细菌鉴定分析。用K-B法进行药敏试验。结果1961份血培养标本中,检出细菌241株,检出率12.3%,其中表皮葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、甲型副伤寒沙门菌、溶血葡萄球菌5种主要致病菌,占菌株总检出率61.8%。药敏结果显示绝大部分检出的葡萄球菌对青霉素类药物耐药,大部分的杆菌对头孢呋辛、左旋氧氟沙星、氨曲南不同程度的耐药。结论药物敏感试验结果提示,检出的表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌耐药性强且广谱耐药,临床应根据药敏试验结果,合理使用抗生素。

Objective To provide rational proposition on selecting antibiotics to cure infection for doctors according to investigating the distribution and antibiotics resistance of the main pathogenic bacterium of positive hemoculture. Methods The positive rate of bacteria culture were calculated by using automatic blood culture meter and identification of bacteria meter from bioMérieux corporate and the antibiotics resistance proportion of various bacterium analyzed from blood culture utilizing the method of Kirby-Bauer. Results 241 strains were detected from 1 961 samples of blood culture and positive rate was 12. 3%. The total positive rate of staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, paratyphosus bacillus, staphylococci haematolysis were 61.8%. The most of staphylococci were resistance to the type of penicillin and the most of bacillus were partial resistance to Cefuroxime, Levofloxacin, Aztreonam by result of susceptibility test. Conclusion Drug fast of Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus aureus, staphylococci haematolysis were obvious. Doctor should rationally choose antibiotics according to the result of susceptibility test.