从鉴古思潮看《国语》之编纂目的及其叙述方式——兼论《国语》与《左传》之关系

On the Aim and Narrative Style of Guoyu

《国语》与《左传》之关系,前人之说纷纭。就先秦史官文化的发展趋势而论,《国语》是先秦鉴古思潮的产物,其编纂目的是搜缀既往,鉴于当时,或戒于将来。《左传》是依经作传的解经之作,产生于历史反思的学术潮流,担负着探索历史运演总规律的文化使命。二书编纂目的不同,其编排体例、文字风格及思想水平自亦不同。

There have been diverse opinions on the relationship between Guoyu and Zuozhuan. From the developing trend of the culture of the official history-recorders, Guoyu is an outcome of a compiling effort in pre-Qin dynasty, by way of picking up useful materials from historical records to compose together as a book. The aim of this book is to make the past serve the present and the future. Zuozhuan is an annotation of Spring and Autumn, so it relates the historical events by following the model of Spring and Autumn. The purpose of it is to explore the development route of history. Different in compiling aims, Guoyu and Zuozhuan, therefore, differ in compiling methods, literary style and thinking depths.