职业生涯发展理论及中国本土新现象:隐喻视角分析

Theories of Career Development and New Phenomena in China in Metaphorical Perspective

职业生涯发展理论丰富而繁杂,从隐喻视角,将职业生涯经典理论、新理论以及中国职业生涯新现象结合分析是一种新尝试。在对职业生涯发展经典理论的回顾中,从多重隐喻视角,梳理总结出了职业生涯是机体、是旅途、是性格、是学习等新理念。从单一隐喻视角提出的无边界、多样性、混沌职业生涯理论是当代职业生涯研究的代表和方向,伴随全球化、虚拟化、人口结构和价值观的改变,这些职业生涯新理论更具时代性和适应性。在国外职业生涯理论发展的同时,中国不同年龄层人群的职业生涯发展也伴随着中国社会经济条件的变化,呈现出新的特性和现象,通过对本土职业生涯发展的隐喻分析,提出了职业生涯克隆、游牧与浅滩三种学说。

Theories of career development are abundant and multifarious. It＇s a new attempt to link classical and new theories of career development with new phenomena in China together and analyze them in a metaphorical perspective. Different careers can thus be metaphorized into such ideas as organism, journey, character or learning. The boundaryless, protean and chaotic theories of career development are the representatives in a trend to contemporary research on career development. Due to the globalization, virtualization, demography and change in the values, the new theories of career development are more adaptive to the actuality nowadays. The social phenomena are found not only abroad but also in China where the career development of different age groups is changing with the growing social and economic conditions. Therefore, a metaphorical analysis is made to the career development in China and three viewpoints are proposed, i.e. , career clone, career nomads and career shoal.