关于完善证人出庭作证制度的思考

Thoughts on the System of Witness in the Court of China

本文以民事诉讼中的证人为研究对象,根据国内外的有关法律规定,结合中国民事审判工作现状,运用比较研究的方法,研究了证人出庭作证制度中的传唤制度和询问制度。中国民事诉讼中证人出庭作证的现状为:作证率低,书面证言适用普遍,证人拒证、伪证相当普遍。现行有关证人作证立法上的缺陷,是证人不出庭作证的根本原因。要完善中国民事诉讼中的证人出庭作证制度,就必须建立证人适格制度、证人拒证制度、确立直接言词原则、建立证人宣誓制度、建立证人强制出庭作证制度、建立证人出庭作证的变通制度、完善证人出庭作证的经济补偿制度以及建立完整的证人权益保障制度等。

This thesis is based on the witness as the object of study, According to domestic and foreign relevant law stipulation, Combined with the practical situation of China Civil trial work, using the comparison method,analysis the summoning system and enquiry system; In our country civil action , the present situation of witness appears in court to testify is： testifying rate is low, the written testimony is universal use, witness refuses to give evidence or give false evidence; The reason of witness does not appear in court to testify is the legislation have some flaw ;To solve the exceptional problems concerning witness gives evidence in court, The em-phasis of the suggestions lies in establishing the system of witness competence.the system of witness＇s oath ,the system of forcing the witness to testify at court .the versatile system, and then perfect the system of economical compensation for witness ,the system that guarantees witness rights should be alsoimproved.