甘蔗生物产量及其构成性状的ADM遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Biomass Yield and Its Component Traits of Sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum) Using ADM Model

对11个甘蔗亲本品种及其NCⅡ遗传设计的30个组合的F1代实生苗生物产量进行加性-显性-母体遗传效应的遗传模型(ADM)分析,结果表明:(1)甘蔗的生物产量性状遗传主要是由基因的加性、显性及加性环境互作效应共同决定的,但基因的加性效应作用较大;(2)甘蔗生物学产量构成性状中母体的遗传效应主要表现于锤度,且其受环境的影响很小;(3)甘蔗生物产量性状都具有较高的广义遗传率(h2B)和狭义遗传率(h2N),且h2B>h2N,说明了对甘蔗生物产量性状在选育种早期阶段的选择效果好;(4)通过对亲本的加性基因随机效应分析的综合,较优良的甘蔗亲本有粤糖72/426、粤糖79/177、粤糖85/177、ROC24和ROC25。

Thirty hybrids were selected from the crosses of 11 parent sugarcane varieties in the NC design Ⅱ with an incomplete diallel cross model. The biomass of all the F1 seedlings was analyzed by a model of additive-dominance-maternal genetic effect. The results indicated that the inheritance of sugarcane biomass yield and its component traits were determined jointly by additive, dominance, and both additive and environment interaction effects, of which the additive effect was found the most important. The Brix of biomass yield component traits was only influenced by female parent, and was not determined by environment. Both broad-sense and narrow-sense heritabilities in biomass traits were relatively high, and the former was higher than the latter, suggesting that the selection of biomass yield and its component characters at the early stage for the breeding program is effective. The random analyses of the additive effects of the parents and their cross combinations showed that 5 parents, YT72/ 426, YT79/177, YT85/177, ROC24 and ROC25, had higher additive effect.