论唐代诗人的自然生态意识

The Natural and Ecological Aesthetics in Poems of Tang Dynasty

唐代诗人承传《风》《骚》及汉魏六朝文学的自然生态意识,同时由于受本朝儒、释、道思想的共同影响以及唐人投笔从戎的边塞生活,官吏贬谪地方的特殊身世等因素,唐代诗人与自然的关系已达到了天人合一、空前融洽的地步。唐代诗人与草木虫鱼等自然生态和谐相处的诗歌世界,主要表现在十大方面,即:(一)与物谐乐;(二)以物为友;(三)颂物以美;(四)感物惠德;(五)赏物生趣;(六)悲物悯人;(七)由物悟理;(八)托物寄怀;(九)假物以讽;(十)护物有责。唐诗浓郁的自然生态意识,是唐诗精神的有力体现,具有重要的思想史、文学史、艺术史之审美价值。

Poets in Tang Dynasty inherit from the ecological idea contained in ＂ Feng＂ and ＂Sao＂ as well as the literature in Han Wei dynasty. At the same time, influenced by the mutual impact of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, life of guarding the frontier, elements such as the background of officials degraded from central government to the locality, poets in Tang Dynasty are in harmony with nature. The harmony between human beings and nature can be represented in ten aspects as follows. 1. To be happy with nature 2. To be friends with nature 3. To sing the praise of the nature 4. to show gratitude to the nature; 5. to enjoy the interest of nature; 6. to be sympathetic with nature and ） reflect on human beings; 7. To feel the reasons in nature 8. To express poets＇ sentiment by nature;9. To criticize evil by nature; 10. To call on responsibilities for taking care of nature. The dense ecological consciousness contained in Tang poems is the powerful representation of spirits of Tang Poems, which own the aesthetic value of ideology, literature and art.