高炉风口回旋区影响因素的冷态实验分析

A cold model analysis of factors influencing a blast furnace raceway

以重钢5号高炉实际尺寸和操作参数为基础,假设高炉风口未喷吹煤粉,回旋区内的流动为气固两相流动,且气相的流动属于粘性不可压缩流动,根据相似理论建立了高炉回旋区三维冷态实验模型,分析回旋区的形成机理及影响因素。结果表明:鼓风量、料层物理属性、料层高度以及风口直径对回旋区大小和形状均有影响。随着鼓风量的增大,回旋区穿透深度和高度均不同程度的增加,当鼓风量过大时,回旋区顶部炉料上浮,椭球形的回旋区形状不再存在。同一鼓风量下料层的粒径与密度比越大时形成的回旋区穿透深度越小,反之越大。料层高度对回旋区穿透深度的影响不大。风口直径对回旋区穿透深度的影响较明显。

A three-dimensional cold experimental model of a raceway was built based on the actual geometrical dimensions and operating parameters of the Number 5 blast furnace at Chongqing Iron and Steel Company in Chongqing, P.R. China. In the model, the fluid pattern was hypothesized as an incompressible viscous gas-solid flow. A similar theory was employed to study the raceway forming mechanism and factors that influence the raceway. The results show the volume of blast, physical properties, height of burden layer and tuyere diameter have an effect on raceway size and shape. The penetration depth and height of the raceway expanded with increasing blast volume. As blast volume reached a critical value, the charging material on the top of raceway went upward and the spheroidieity raceway disappeared. At the same blast volume, the raceway penetration depth decreased with the increasing ratio of particle diameter to density. Although the height of the burden layer had little effect on the raceway penetration depth, it played a vital role in raceway height, which in turn increased as the burden layer height decreased. The tuyere diameter showed a greater influence on raceway penetration depth than the raceway height.