古汉语假设连词“使”的来源及虚化过程

Qrigin and Grammaticalization of "Shi" in Old Chinese

使令动词"使"常出现在兼语式中,兼语式中"使"的意义主要有三种:命令义、致使义、容许义。这三种意义形成一个意义逐渐虚化、动作义不断减弱的序列,这种语义变化与其处于兼语式的句法环境密切相关。假设连词"使"是表"容许"义的动词"使"的进一步虚化,它的假设义来自于语境。

The causative verb ＂shi＂ often appears in pivotal construction. There are three meanings of causative verb＂ shi＂ in pivotal construction： order, result, permission. They form a grammaticalization sequence and the action weakens gradually. And the semantic change is closely related to the syntactic context of pivotal construction. The hypothetical conjunction ＂shi＂ which expresses ＂permission＂ is grammaticalized from causative verb＂shi＂. And the hypothetical meaning of ＂shi＂ derives from the context.