动宾式合成词的词汇化衍生方式研究述评

Lexicalization of Verb-object Compounds

汉语历史上双音词的产生所体现的由句法到词法的变化实际上是一种类似语法化的语言形式的理据性减弱的变化过程。双音词的衍生属于一种词汇化现象,即短语等非词单位逐渐凝固或变得紧凑而形成单词的过程。动宾式合成词也是这样从一个结构松散、不甚稳定的句法单位演变为个凝固的、稳定的词汇单位的。本文根据当代汉语词汇化研究中的某些研究成果,探求动宾式合成词词汇化的衍生方式,并提出短语降格、构词法、粘合、重新分析、比喻等方式都可以促进动宾式合成词的词汇化。

The appearance of dissyllabic words in Chinese history which is a phenomena of lexicalization implies the weakening of grammaticalization in language form. With the lexicalization, non-word phrases are gradually solidified and compacted into words, which is the way verb-object compounds come into being. Baed on the lexicalization reseach on modern Chinese, this paper probes into the lexicalization of verb-object compounds and discusses the approaches to lexicalization such as phrase degradation, word-building; conglutination, re-analysis and parable.