多分量地震勘探在岩性气藏勘探开发中的应用

Application of multi-component seismic exploration in the exploration and production of lithologic gas reservoirs

由于多分量地震勘探技术增加了横波信息,降低了储集层预测的多解性,提高了储集层流体识别和预测的可能性,因而受到了石油工业界的普遍重视。但因横波传播的特殊性,多分量地震勘探技术在采集、处理及解释方面都与传统纵波勘探不同。为了推动多分量地震勘探技术的发展和应用,自2002年起,陆续在鄂尔多斯盆地的苏里格气田、四川盆地的广安气田、松辽盆地的徐深气田和柴达木盆地的三湖地区进行了二维或三维多分量地震技术试验,取得了一定进展。试验结果表明,转换波在松辽深层火成岩体和柴达木三湖含气构造的成像效果优于纵波,可以更好地圈定气藏的边界;在苏里格和广安致密砂岩气藏描述中,提高了储集层预测和流体识别的精度,为井位部署提供了有利依据。随着多分量地震勘探技术的不断发展,必将在复杂岩性油气藏勘探和油气评价与开发中发挥更为重要的作用。

The multi component seismic exploration technique has drawn great attention in the petroleum industry because it utilizes the S-wave information, reduces the ambiguity in reservoir prediction, and improves the prediction and identification possibility of reservoir fluids. To push forward the application and development of the technique, the 2D and 3D multiomponent technical tests have been carried out since 2002 in the Sulige gasfield, Ordos Basin; the Guang＇an gasfield, Sichuan Basin; the Xushen gasfield, Songliao Basin; and the Sanhu area, Qaidam Basin. The imaging of the converted wave is better than that of the P-wave for the gas-bearing structures in the deep igneous body of the Songliao Basin and the Sanhu area, and can define the reservoir boundaries more accurately. In the description of the tight sand gas reservoirs of the Sulige and Guang＇an gasfields, the converted wave imaging improves the accuracy of reservoir prediction and fluid identification, paying the way for the arrangement of wells.