常山县燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒调查与结果分析

Analysis on coal-burning endemic fluorosis survey in Changshan County

目的：了解掌握农村改灶降氟后地方性氟中毒病情动态，以便制定防治措施与对策。方法：按《常山县燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区监测方案》要求，对常山县芳村、洁湖村进行病情、外环境氟含量调查，采用氟离子选择电极法。结果：居民饮用水氟含量缸水为（0．254±0．106）mg／L，源（井）水氟含量为（0．236±0．086）mg／L，T=-0．294，P=0．772。居民户室内空气氟含量为（0．002±0．0008）mg／m^3，燃煤型户儿童尿氟含量为（1．016±0．728）mg／L，非燃煤型户儿童尿氟含量为（0．617±0．344）mg／L，T=1．718，P=0．102。8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率为5．88％。结论：常山县燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病情得到控制，已不构成当地重要的公共卫生问题。

Objective： To understand epidemic status and trend of endemic fluorosis after improving cooking stove and reducing indoor fluorine concentration for making preventive and control strategies. Methods：According to surveillance protocol for coal - burning endemic fluorosis in Changshan county, residents from Fangcun and Jiehu villages were investigated on fluorosis situation and outdoor fluorine concentration. Fluoride selective ion electrode method was used. Results：The fluorine concentration of drinking water for most jar water （dated） and raw water （well） were respectively 0. 254 ± 0. 106 mg/L and 0. 236 ± 0. 086 mg/L （ T = - 0. 294, P = 0. 772）. The fluorine concentration of indoor air was 0. 002 ± 0. 0008 mg/m^3. The urine fluorine concentration of children living in coal fuel family and non - coal fuel family were respectively 1. 016 ± 0. 728 mg/L and 0. 617 ± 0. 344mg/L（ T = 1. 718, P = 0. 102）. The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years was 5.88%. Conclusion：The epidemic status of coal - burning endemic fluorosis has been controlled and is not a public health issue in Changshan county now.