首发精神分裂症患者的心理障碍特点及其影响因素——附483例分析

Characteristics and influencing factors of psychologic obstacle in the first episode schizophrene

目的：探讨首发精神分裂症患者的心理障碍特点及其影响因素。方法：对483例首发精神分裂症患者（病例组）及100名健康对照者（对照组）进行症状自评量表-90（symptom check list-90，SCL-90）及EPQ评定，比较2组的差异，并以病例组SCL-90的总分以及因子分作为因变量，EPQ各因子分、年龄、性别、文化程度、病程等作为自变量，进行逐步多元回9-3分析。结果：病例组SCL-90总分及各因子分均高于对照组（均为P〈0．01）。病例组EPQ的情绪稳定性、精神质和掩饰性因子分均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05-P〈0．01），内外向分值则低于对照组（P〈0．05）。EPQ的各因子以及年龄、性别、文化程度分别与SCL-90总分或部分因子分相关（均为P〈0．05）。结论：首发精神分裂症患者心理障碍较明显；个性特征、年龄、性别、文化程度等多种因素对患者心理状况有影响。

Objective： To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of psychologic obstacle in the first episode schizophrene. Methods： Symptom check list-90 （SCL-90） and Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ） were examined in the first episode schizophrene （483 case：s, patient group） and the healthy controls （100 cases, control group） , the results were compared between the two groups. The total score and the factor scores of SCL-90 were regarded as dependent variable ; The factor scores of EPQ, age, sex, education and course of disease were treated as independent variables. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Results： All scores of SCL-90 in the patient group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Mood constancy, spirit substance and wrap scores of EPQ in the patient group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Introversion and extroversion score of patient group was significantly lower in the patient group than those of the control group. EPQ, age, sex and education scores were significantly correlated with the total score and some factor scores of SCL-90. Conclusion ： The psychologic obstacle of the first episode sehizophrene is obvious. Personality characteristics, age, sex and education can influence the mental state of patients.