网络视角下产业集群竞争优势:理论模型与实证研究

Industrial Clusters' Competitive Advantage from the Perspective of Inter-firm Network:Theoretical Model and Empirical Research

产业集群的蓬勃发展改变了商业竞争的基础,集群间竞争正成为商业竞争的一种重要形式。但与企业竞争优势的形成机制不同,集群整体竞争优势主要受到动态能力和企业网络结构的影响。以国税数据库系统和问卷调查取得的数据为基础,以2001—2004年9个浙江纺织业集群为样本的检验结果表明:(1)集群竞争优势的累积过程是一个基于企业网络动态能力发展的过程;(2)企业网络结构属性对集群动态能力的发展具有多维度的影响;(3)网络密度显著促进了集群效率的提高,且资源获取能力在其中起到了中介作用。

The vigorous development of industrial clusters has changed the basis of business competition. The competition among the clusters has been becoming one of the important forms of the said competition. Unlike the mechanism of forming a firm＇s competitive advantage, the clusters＇ overall competitive advantage is mainly influenced by dynamic capabilities and the inter-firm network structure. Based on data obtained from the National Taxation Database as well as questionnaire, an empirical study on the nine textile industrial clusters in Zhejiang Province from 2001 through 2004 shows （1） that the accumulation of the clusters＇ competitive advantage is the process of the development of the inter-firm network＇s dynamic capabilities; （2） that the attribute of inter-firm network structure will exercise a multi-dimensional influence on the development of clusters＇ dynamic capabilities; and （3） that the network density will greatly enhance cluster efficiency, which is achieved by resource acquisition capability as an intermediary.