上消化道出血病人临床护理的观察指标

The Observatory Parameters on Clinical Nursing of the Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

目的探讨上消化道出血病人临床护理的观察指标,以协助临床治疗及判断预后。方法按发病年龄将1358例患者分为5组,根据血压、心率、血红蛋白、尿量、尿素氮5项指标(除血压和心率外,加上至少1项指标),按正常、20%正常范围内波动、超过20%正常范围分别将病人归为稳定、不稳定、危重3组。通过对比,分析年龄与预后的关系以及上述各项指标预估出血量的可能性。结果随着患者年龄的增大,病死率有明显增高。血压、心率、尿量、尿素氮、血红蛋白的波动,与出血量呈正相关。结论年龄与预后关系成正相关,血压、心率、血红蛋白、尿量、尿素氮等指标对出血量的判断有价值,尤其是血压和心率。

Objective In order to help guiding the clinical treatment and judging the prognosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, we retrospectively studied its observatory parameters on clinical nursing. Methods 1 358 cases of patients were divided into 5 groups in terms of their different ages. They were also divided into 3 groups（ stable, unstable, severe）according to the different value（ normal value, 〈 20% scold of the normal, 〉 20% scold of the normal） of parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, hemoglobin, urine output, urea etc, Both the accuracy of bleeding output and the relationship between the prognosis and ages were assessed. Results The mortality rate of the patients was increased parallel with age. The output of bleeding was positively related to the scold wave of the blood pressure, heart rate, hemoglobin, urine output, urea. Conclusion The mortality rate of the patients is positively related to the ages. Blood pressure, heart rate, hemoglobin, urine output, urea, etc, especially blood pressure,heart rate are valuable parameters for judgement of bleeding.