美沙酮维持治疗海洛因依赖者的生活质量及影响因素

An analysis of quality of life and related factors of heroin addicts who received methadone maintenance treatment

目的探讨美沙酮维持治疗海洛因依赖者的生活质量状况及其影响因素。方法采用药物成瘾者生命质量测定量表(QOLDA),自行设计的患者一般情况和药物滥用情况调查表对269例美沙酮维持治疗的海洛因依赖者进行评价。结果①无劳教者社会功能得分高于有劳教者,两组之间差异有显著性(分别为30.83±7.59,28.71±6.01,P<0.05);②无强戒者生活质量在QOLDA总分及4个维度上得分均高于有强戒依赖者,两组之间差异有显著性(P<0.05);③花费≤100元/d的患者生活质量在QOLDA总分及躯体功能、戒断症状及毒副作用维度上得分高于花费>100元/d者,两组之间差异有显著性(P<0.05);④强戒次数和自己治疗次数对QOLDA总分有显著影响。结论美沙酮维持治疗的海洛因依赖者生活质量与劳教次数、强戒次数和每天花费等因素相关,患者的强戒次数和自己治疗次数对其生活质量有显著影响。

Objective To explore quality of life and related factors in heroin addicts of methadone maintenance treatment. Methods 266 heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment were assessed by using quality of life scale for drug addicts （QOL-DA） ; selfdesigned common data and drug abuse investigation scale etc. Results （1）The scores of SO was significantly different between the patients who had experienced labor education and those without labor education（ P 〈 0.05 ）. （2）Total scores of QOL-DA, PH, PS, SO and ST showed significant difference between the patients who had already received compulsory detoxification and those without compulsory detoxification （ P 〈 0.05 ）. （3）Total scores of QOL-DA, PH, and ST had significant difference between the patients who spend less than or up to 100 RMB Yuan and those with spending exceeding 100 RMB Yuan in heroin addition everyday （P 〈 0.05 ）. （4） Frequency of compulsory detoxification and self-detoxification treatment had effects on the total scores of QOL-DA. Conclusion The quality of life in heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment was related to experiences of labor education, compulsory detoxification, and daily spending in heroin addition. Frequency of compulsory detoxification and self-detoxification treatment before abstinent period were important factors to the total scores of QOL-DA.