起点上的差距：城乡幼儿入学准备水平的对比研究

Differences between Urban and Rural Areas of Kindergarteners in School Readiness

为反映城乡儿童在学校生涯起点上存在的差距,研究者采用儿童入学准备测评工具SRTB—CV,从吉林省长春市选取城乡学前班5.30至6.99周岁的儿童各89名,进行个别测试。结果发现:农村儿童在除发音控制运动以外的动作技能发展领域优于城市儿童,但在学习方式、认知发展与一般知识基础、言语发展,以及情绪与社会性发展领域显著落后于城市儿童。造成此种差距的原因是多方面的,政府应对农村儿童实行补偿性学前教育,改善农村儿童早期教育的条件。

At the status of school readiness,differences of development of kindergarteners in urban and rural areas have already existed. Using School Readiness Test Battery-Comprehensive Version （SRTB-CV）, the research involved 89 urban and 89 rural 5.3-6.99-year-old children of Changchun City to be tested individually. The results indicated： In the aspect of meter skill, the rural children are better than those from urban areas, but the difference is not notable; There are significant differences in approach toward learning, cognition and general knowledge, language, social knowledge interview, in which the urban children are better than those from rural areas. The causes of the differences are many, and the government should help to improve rual children＇s earyl childhood education.