两种大鼠膀胱测压方法的比较

Comparison of Two Cystometric Methods in Adult Rats

目的比较大鼠在乌拉坦麻醉下经尿道置管膀胱测压与清醒状态经耻骨上膀胱造瘘置管测压的尿动力学指标差异及两种方法的优缺点。方法15只成年雌性SD大鼠在不同剂量乌拉坦麻醉后经尿道置管测压，15d后行耻骨上膀胱造瘘置管，术后第3～8天及第14天分别行清醒膀胱灌注测压。比较膀胱容量，排尿量，残余尿量，最大排尿压及排尿效率的差异。结果乌拉坦麻醉尿道置管测压时，按0．8g／kg体重腹腔注射后麻醉程度浅，无法插管。而按1．2g，kg体重腹腔注射后，对排尿反射影响较大。按1．0g，kg体重腹腔注射较为合适。而耻骨上膀胱造瘘测压时，术后第8天以后膀胱容量较为稳定。两者相比，清醒状态膀胱造瘘置管测压时膀胱容量较乌拉坦麻醉下尿道置管测压明显增大，分别为2．26±0．44mL及1．45±0．41mL（P〈0．05）；最大排尿压明显降低，分别为26．15±6．71cmH2O及44．32±4．93cmiH2O（P〈0．05）；排尿效率明显增大，分别为（96．73±3．81）％及（80．44±4．12）％（P〈0．05）。结论两种大鼠膀胱测压方法测得指标具有明显差异。

Objective To compare the difference of cystometfics between rats underwent urethane anesthetics after intra- urethral cannula and underwent awake cystometry after suprapublic bladder catheter implantation. Methods 15 female SD rats underwent cystemetry under different dose of urethane anesthetics after intra-urethral cannula. Fifteen days later, the rats were implanted suprapublic bladder cathters and then underwent awake cystometry in the third to the eighth days and the fourteenth compared the difference of bladder capacity, voiding volume, residual volume, the maximum micturition pressures and voiding efficiency. Results It was difficult to insert urethral cannula when rats were anesthetized with urethane （0.8 g/kg） i.p. ,and it significantly affected micturition reflex to anesthetize rats with urethane（ 1.2 g/kg）i, p.. It was suitable when rats were anesthetized with urethane （1.0 g/kg）i, p.. After implanting suprapublic bladder catheters, the bladder capacities were stable eight days later. Capacity and voiding efficiency were significantly hlghter in awake rats than with urethane（2.26 ± 0.44 mL VS 1.45 ± 0.41 mL, P 〈 0.05 and （96.73 ±3.81 ） % VS （80.44± 4.12） % , P 〈 0.05）, the maximum micturition pressures was significantly lower in awake rats than with methane （26.15 ± 6.71 emil20 VS 44.32 ± 4.93 cmH2o, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions There were significantly differences between the two cystometric methods.