1[1]Lonstein JE,Denis F,Perm JH.et al.Complications associated with pedicle screws[J].J Bone Joint Surg Am,1999,81(11):1519-1528.
2[2]Masferrer B,Gomnez CH,Karahalios DG,et al.Rfficacy of pedi-cle screw frxation in the treatment of spinal instability and failed back surgery:a 5-year review[J].J Neurosurg,1998,89(3):371 -377.
3[3]Fsses SI,Sachs BL,Dreyzin V.Complications associated with the technique of pedicle screw fixation.A selected surrey of ABS members[J].Spine,1993,18(15):2231-2238.
5[6]Hsu CJ,Chou WY,Chang WN,et al.Clinical follow up after in-stmmentation-angmented lonbar spinal surgery in pail 是 "ents with unsatisfactory outcomes[J].J Neurosurg Spine,2006,5 (4):281 -286.
6[7]Heyde CE,Bohm H,el-Saghir H,et al.First experience of intrao-perative nerve root monitoring with the INS-1-device on the lumbo-sacral spine[J].Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb,2003,141 (1):79-85.
8[9]Papadopoulos EC,Girardi FP,Sama A,et al.Accuracy of sin-gle-time,multilevel registration in image-guided spinal surgery[J].Spine J,2005,5(3):263 -267.
9[10]Laine T,Lund T,Ylikoski M,et al.Accuracy of pedicle screw insertion with and without computer assistance:a randomised controlled clinical study in 100 consecutive patients[J].Eur Spine J,2000,9(3):235 -240.
10[11]Toleikis JR,Skelly JP,Carlvin AO,et al.The usefulness of e-lectrical stimulation for assessing pedicle screw placemonts[J].J Spinal Disord,2000,13(4):283 -289.
3Ebraheim NA,Rollins JR,Xu R,et al. Projection of the lumbar pedicle and its morphometric analysis [J].Spine, 1996,21 (11):1296-1300.
4Brumagne S, Lysene R,Swinnen S,et al. Effect of paraspinal muscle vibration on position sense of the lumbosacral spine[J].Spine, 1999,24(13): 1328-1331.
5Thomsen K, Christensen FB,Eiskjaer SP,et al. The effect of pedicle screw instrumentation on functional outcome and fusion rates in posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion:a prospective,randomized clinical study[J].Spine, 1997,15:22(24) :2813.
6Muller A,Gall C,Marz U,et al. A keyhole approach for endoscopically assisted pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spine instability[J].Neurosurg, 2000,47 (1):85-95.
6Masferrer R,Gomez CH,Karahalios DG,et al.Efficacy of pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of spinal instability and failed back surgery:a 5-year review[J].J Neurosurg,1998,89(3):371-377.
7Lonstein JE,Denis F,Perra JH,et al.Complications associated with pedicle screws[J].J Bone Joint Surg Am,1999,81(11):1519-1528.
8Jutte PC,Castelein RM.Complications of pedicle screws in lumbar and lumbosacral fusions in 105 consecutive primary operations[J].Eur Spine J,2002,11(6):594-598.
9Pihlajmaki H,Myllynen P,Bstman O.Complications of transpedicular lumbosacral fixation for non-traumatic disorders[J].J Bone Joint Surg Br,1997,79(2):183-189.
10Bostelmann R,Benini A.Computer-navigated pedicle screw insertion in the lumbar spine[J].Oper Orthop Traumatol,2005,17(2):178-194.
