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网球运动发球动作过程中肌肉电生理变化 被引量:3

Muscle electrophysiology changes during serving tennis
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摘要 背景:目前,国内利用肌电技术对网球运动过程中肌肉电生理变化数据的研究开展的较少。目的:运用肌电测试系统记录网球发球动作的肌肉用力规律,对各主要关节肌肉活动状态进行分析。设计、时间及地点:网球运动发球动作过程肌电测试系统现场描记分析。实验于1986-12/1988-12在北京体育大学完成。对象:选择中国现役网球国家队的男运动员6名,年龄(20.8±2.5)岁,身高(180.3±4.8)cm,体质量(69.1±5.8)kg,训练年限(6.6±2.9)年。方法:运用肌电测试系统并结合关节角度分析仪对现场描记国内网球运动发球动作,并通过专门的软件分析肌肉用力顺序和用力情况。主要观察指标:发球动作解剖分析、各肌肉活动顺序比较、各肌肉发力持续时间和关节角度比较、各肌肉发力大小比较。结果:在网球发球过程中,击球时三角肌和斜方肌最先参与肌肉发力,持续时间较其他的肌肉长,是发球过程中的主要用力肌肉;斜方肌、胫骨前肌和腓肠肌最先参与整个动作发力,持续时间均较其他肌肉时间长;肌肉按照肌电活动持续的时间长短排列顺序为胸大肌、腹直肌、背阔肌、腓肠肌、腹外斜肌、股直肌、肱二头肌、胫骨前肌、肱桡肌、斜方肌、三角肌,其中三角肌和斜方肌的肌电活动持续时间最长,而胸大肌和腹直肌的肌电活动持续时间最短;个体差异不同肌肉的肌电积分值是不一样的,其所对应的肌肉力量大小也不一样,发挥出的肌肉占最大肌肉力量的比例存在很大的差异。结论:表面肌电测试可以应用于网球运动动作肌肉运动过程中科学合理性的判断分析。 BACKGROUND: Presently, studies on changes in muscle electrophysiology data during tennis training by electromyography are few. OBJECTIVE: To record muscle straining rule when serving a tennis by electromyography, and to analyze the active state of muscle from main joints. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Tracing analysis of serving tennis on the spot by electromyography. The experiment was performed at the Peking Sport University from December 1986 to December 1988. PARTICIPANTS: Six national male tennis athletes aged (20.8 ± 2.5) years, with the height of (180.3 ± 4.8) cm and weighing (69.1 ± 5.8) kg, training duration (6.6±2.9) years. METHODS: Tennis serve was traced by electromyography and joint angle analysator. Straining sequence and condition of muscle was analyzed with a specialized software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Analysis of serving; muscle active sequence; Muscle straining time and joint angle; Muscle straining power. RESULTS: In the process of hiring the tennis serve, the deltoid and trapezius muscles of the first participation, and duration than other muscles are long and very large contribution to the force. Trapezius, tibia and gastrocnemius muscle were first involved in the movement of power and the duration of time than in other muscles. In the course of serving, muscle electromyography activity continued in accordance with the duration of order of pectoralis major, rectus abdominis, latissimus dorsi, gastrocnemius, oblique externus abdominis muscle, and rectus femoris muscle, biceps brachii, tibial muscle, brachial radial muscle, trapezius, deltoid muscle, in which deltoid muscle and ramps side muscle lasted the longest time in electromyography activity. The pectoralis major and rectus abdominis continued shortest time in electromyography activity. Because different athletes and different muscle, electromyography integral value is not the same, and corresponding muscle strength is also different, and there is a big difference in muscle accounting for the largest proportion of muscle strength. CONCLUSION: Surface electromyography tests can be applied to tennis action technical process of the scientific and rational judgement analysis.
作者 申淳
出处 《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第28期5536-5540,共5页 Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
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