摘要
"国家动员"是比"军事动员"含义更广泛的政治/战略概念。它是指一国的政治领导为实现国家根本目标而征集和调动本国各类可用资源的行为总和,此外还包括在根本国策层次上征集和调动资源的战略性方式。动员能力在现代的政治制度中大大扩展了国内社会的政治参与范围,从而变更了国家动员方式,提升了国家动员能力。就其主流而言,政治制度与国家动员紧密相联的这一历史进程经历了三大阶段,即现代前期、现代中期和现代后期(现当代),民族主义和大众政治构成其首要的演变动力。几类现当代典型政体(即威权政体、民主政体和极权体制)在国家动员方面从事了截然不同的历史实践,并显现出各自的动员方式和动员能力差别。
'National mobilization' is a politico-strategic concept broader than 'military mobilization' in terms of content and significance.Modern national political systems drastically expanded the extent of political participation of civil society,thereby transforming the ways of mobilization and substantially increasing the mobilizing capability.In general,the historical process in which national mobilization was intimately related with the nature of political system has undergone three major stages,i.e.,the early,mid,and late modern times,with their respective remarkable features and with nationalism and mass politics as the primary dynamism or theme of the process.The three typical late modern political systems,namely,authoritarianism,democracy,and totalitarianism,had markedly different practices of national mobilization,demonstrating their respective conducts and capabilities of mobilization.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第7期32-39,共8页
World Economics and Politics
