一起食源性霍乱暴发疫情的菌型鉴定及药敏分析

Identification and antibiotic resistance analysis of a food-borne outbreak of cholera

目的对霍乱暴发疫情进行霍乱弧菌菌型鉴定及药敏分析,为霍乱的防控工作提供参考。方法采集患者、密切接触者和外环境标本进行菌型鉴定,并对菌株进行临床常用的20种抗菌药物进行药敏分析。结果共采集45份标本,其中9份患者肛拭子和1份外环境拭子检出O1群ElTor霍乱弧菌稻叶型1d,密切接触者标本中未检出霍乱弧菌;10株霍乱弧菌对20种药物的敏感度完全一致,其中100%耐药的抗生素只有复方新诺明1种,敏感的抗生素有菌必治、庆大霉素等11种,中敏的抗生素有氨苄西林等8种。结论引起本次食源性霍乱暴发疫情的霍乱弧菌菌型是O1群ElTor霍乱弧菌稻叶型1d;菌必治、庆大霉素等可为抗菌治疗和预防性服药的首选药物,而复方新诺明则不应被选用。

Objective The present study was conducted to identify the type of Vibrio cholerae and to analyze the antibiotic resistance of a food-borne outbreak epidemic situation of cholera, so as to provide the references for prevention and control of cholera. Methods Patients, close contacts and the environmental samples were collected; type identification was done according to Manual for the Prevention and Control of Cholera （5th edition）; then the antibiotic resistance of Vibrio eholerae to 20 different common clinic antibiotics were tested by the automatic microorganism identification machine. Results A total of 45 samples were collected. Among those samples, O1 group of E1 Tot Vibrio cholerae sero type Inaba ld was detected from 9 patients and 1 environment sample, while it was not detected from the samples of close contacts; The antibiotic resistance of these 10 isolates to the 20 kinds of antibiotics was completely consistent, The samples were 100% resistant to sulfamethoxazole only （5%, 1/20） of the antibiotics. High drug susceptibility of the samples was found to 11 kinds of antibiotics such as Ceftriaxone and Gentamicin （55%, 11/20）; the middle-susceptibility was found to 8 kinds such as Ampicillin （40%, 8/20）, Conclusion The type of Vibrio cholerae that caused this food-borne outbreak epidemic situation of cholera was O1 group of E1 Tot Vibrio cholerae sero type Inaba ld. Cefiriaxone, Gentamicin could be drugs of choice for the treatment and prevention, but sulfamethoxazole could not be used.