γ-射线辐照接枝制备几种功能性高分子材料

PREPARATION OF SEVERAL FUNCTIONAL POLYMER MATERIALS via γ-RADIATION GRAFTING

概述了近几年来本研究组在高分子材料辐照接枝制备功能性高分子材料方面的研究进展.分别以丙烯酸、顺丁烯二酸、苯乙烯接枝聚四氟乙烯纤维,制备了不同酸性的聚四氟乙烯功能纤维.以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺接枝壳聚糖制备温度及pH敏感材料,获得了性能特异的新型功能性高分子材料.报道了该类新型功能高分子材料的各种特异性能,如对金属离子优异的分离、吸附和解吸性能、超强酸性和一系列潜在用途.

Researches on the preparation of several polytetrafluroethylene （PTFE） functional fibers and N-isopropylacrylamide （NIPA） grafted chitosan via the radiation grafting have been described which were developed in the authors＇laboratory in recent years . It is found that the radiation grafted functional materials have special properties. （1） The acrylic acid grafted PTFE fiber showed stronger acidity than the carboxylic acid grafted one, of which the carboxylic content was 3.07 mmol/g determined by the titration experiments. It showed excellent adsorption, desorption and separation properties for Cu2^＋ , Pb2^＋ and La3^＋ . The highest adsorption capacity for Cu2^＋ , Pb2^＋ and La3^＋ was 107.48,246.41,150.20 mg/g respectively, when pH was 5. （2） Hammett superacid indicators were used to estimate the superacidity of PTFE-g-ST-SO3H fibers with different degree of grafting. The results showed that the acidity of FTFE-g-St-SO3H fiber was stronger than 100% H2SO4 when the grafting degree was 21.7%. The relative catalytic activity of FTFE-St-SO3 H fiber as a polymer superacid catalyst was higher than that of macroporous sulphonated resin in esterification, and it can be used repeatedly. （3） The NIPA grafted chitosan showed good thermo and pH activity, it had the potential use in drug releasing and other areas.