玉米/蚕豆、小麦/蚕豆和大麦/蚕豆间作体系地上部、地下部生物量及作物含氮量分析

Shoot/root Biomass and Crops N-content Analysis of Maize/faba Bean,Wheat/faba Bean and Barley/faba Bean Intercropping Systems

该盆栽试验研究了在不同分隔方式下3种禾本科作物与蚕豆间作对间作作物地上部、地下部生物量及吸氮量的影响。首先采用3种分隔方式(塑料膜分隔,尼龙网分隔和无分隔)建立了同一作物组合条件下种间根系相互作用的不同强度;其次选用竞争能力不同的三种禾本科作物(大麦、小麦和玉米)与蚕豆间作,建立了禾本科和豆科作物的竞争强度不同的作物组合。首先,与3种禾本科作物间作,以及同一间作体系不同分隔方式,对蚕豆地上部、地下部生物量的影响不大;仅与小麦间作蚕豆地上部生物量无分隔显著高于尼绒网分隔。其次,禾本科作物地上部生物量,玉米和大麦显著高于小麦,分别高出15.3%和16.5%;三种禾本科作物地下部生物量,玉米显著高于大麦,高出30.5%,大麦显著高于小麦,高出50.8%;同一间作体系不同分隔方式,对玉米、小麦和大麦地上部和地下部生物量影响显著。再次,大麦全氮含量显著高于玉米和小麦,分别高出16.5%和19.7%,与3种禾本科作物对土壤氮素的竞争能力相一致,大麦大于小麦和玉米;同玉米间作蚕豆全氮含量显著高于同小麦和大麦间作蚕豆,分别高出11.2%和5.6%。最后,玉米,同小麦和大麦间作蚕豆无分隔处理全氮含量显著高于塑料膜分隔,表现出间作优势。蚕豆的生长受间作禾本科作物的影响不显著;然而大麦/蚕豆间作体系利用氮素最充分;间作玉米在氮素营养上显著受益于同蚕豆的间作;并且在3种间作体系里,根系完全相互作用时有利于作物氮素的累积。

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of varying interspecific root interactions on the dry weight of shoot/root biomass and N-content in a split-pot arrangement experiment. At first, we vary the ability of root interactions artificially through different barrier treatment （plastic, mesh, and no barrier）. Then, choose three sorts of cereals （barley, wheat and maize） with various abilities to compete the soil nitrogen intercropping with faba bean. Firstly, there is no significant influence on faba bean shoot and root biomass dry weight, whatever different barrier treatment and various sorts of cereals intercropping systems. Only is the shoot biomass of faba bean in no-barrier significantly more than the treatment of nesh-barrier. Secondly, the biomass of maize and barley is significantly higher than one of wheat, about15.3% and 16.5%, respectively. The root biomass of maize is much more than the barley, approximately 30.5%. So do barley and wheat, about 50.8%. The varying barriers have significant effect on the shoot and root biomass in the same intercropping system. Thirdly, the N-content of barley is significantly higher than the maize and wheat, about16.5% and 19.7%, respectively. The faba bean N-content intercropping with maize is much more than the one with wheat and barley, about 11.2%和 5.6% , respectively. The biomass of faba bean is not affected significantly by intercropping with cereals, whereas the barley/faba bean intercropping system mostly makes use of the N-nutrition, and the N-nutrition of maize significantly profits from intercropping with faba bean. Besides, the no-barrier treatment benefits in N-accumulation.