淮北地区高产小麦的氮肥和密度效应研究

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Density on High Yield Wheat in Huaibei

试验采用二次饱和D-最优设计,分析了淮北地区高产小麦的氮素和密度效应,得出综合效应方程。结果表明:氮素的增产效应大于密度,二者的互作是负效应,增施氮肥能明显增加公顷穗数和穗粒数,增加密度也能增加公顷穗数,但二者增加都会使千粒重下降。施氮量269.9kg/hm2,密度在231.1万苗/hm2,产量最高达8358.3kg/hm2,此时的经济效益也最大。最理想的产量结构是穗数585.1万/hm2,穗粒数37.9粒,千粒重39.2g,最佳产量的施氮范围255.9～287.3kg/hm2,密度228.5～246.7万苗/hm2。

The analysis adopted Quadratic Saturation D-the optimum design. Effect of nitrogen and density on high yield of wheat in Huaibei was analyzed. Results were shown that effect of increasing production of nitrogen was over density, and the interaction was negative effect. Adding the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied could increase evidently the number of per hm^2 and of grain per panicle. Adding density could increase the number of panicle per hm^2 too. But 1000 grain-weight could drop because both two added. The measures for highest yield-level of 8358.3kg/hm^2 were as following： N 269.9kg/hm^2; density 2.31×10^6plant/hm^2. And idealist yield-structure was： 5.85×10^6panicle/hm^2; 37.9grain/panicle; 1000 grain-weight 39.2g. The reasonable yield when the application of nitrogen range was 255.9～287.3kg/hm^2 and density 2.285×106～2.467×106plant/ hm^2.