重庆市巴南区生产企业发生急性职业中毒的潜在性

Potentiality of Acute Occupational Poisoning in Enterprises of Banan District of Chongqing

目的探讨重庆市巴南区因生产中接触毒物引起急性职业中毒突发公共卫生事件的潜在性，防止急性职业中毒事故的发生。方法分析2004-2006年16家生产企业采用国家职业卫生检测规范进行的毒物超标检测报告。结果16家生产企业分布于皮鞋箱包、化学涂料、汽车和摩托车及配件制造业、建材业。毒物检测点超标情况：苯超标0.6～32.7倍，甲苯0．01～0．21倍，甲醛0．76-1．20倍，铬及其化合物为6．40倍，盐酸和氯化氢0．6倍，一氧化碳0．20-1．17倍。结论各类生产企业都存在发生急性职业中毒突发公共卫生事件的可能性和潜在性，建议各企业和政府相关部门从源头上，防护设施上，防护措施上，健康教育上落实各项工作，防止急性职业中毒突发公共卫生事件的发生。

[ Objective] To study the potentiality of public health emergency events of acute occupational poisoning caused by contacting toxicant, in plant in Banan District of Chongqing, prevent accident of acute occupational poisoning. [ Methods] Toxicant exceeded of 16 enterprises was observed with National Detecting Criterion of Occupational Health during 2004-2006, and the data were analyzed. [ Results] The industries of 16 enterprises included shoe and luggage making, paint, manufacturing of automobile and autobike accessory, building materials. The result of toxicant test show that benzene beyond standard 0.6 - 32.7 times, toluene beyond 0.01 -0.21 times, formaldehyde exceeded standard 0.76 - 1.20 times, chromium exceeded 6.40 times, hydrochloric acid exceeded 0.6 times, carbon monoxide beyond standard 0.20 - 1.17 by times. [Condusion] The potentiality of public health emergency events of acute occupational poisoning existed in all kinds of enterprises. It is suggest that the enterprise and government should strengthen the related work such as risk sources, preventative health supervision, personal safeguard and health education for preventing the accident of occupational poisoning.