青海省城乡居民1985～2005年食物消费和膳食结构变化分析

ANALYSIS ON CHANGES OF RESIDENTS’ DIETARY PATTERN IN QINGHAI PROVINCE DURING 1985-2005

[目的]了解青海省城乡居民20年间膳食结构变化情况。[方法]利用历年青海省统计局调查总队调查资料和统计数据进行描述性分析居民食品消费和膳食结构。[结果]城乡居民的谷类、蔬菜消费量有所下降,肉类、蛋类、水果和奶类的消费量呈上升趋势。城乡居民蔬菜水果消费总量不足,城镇居民粮食消费量降低过多,农牧区居民粮食消费量较高。DDP评分,城市由83.25上升到93.30,农牧区由77.59上升到83.61。Engel系数逐年下降,但仍高于全国平均水平。[结论]城乡居民食品摄入和膳食结构日趋合理,但同期望膳食模式相比城乡差别较大,还需调整膳食结构,倡导合理饮食。

[Objective] To understand the changes in dietary patterns of the residents in Qinghai Province during the last 20 years. [Methods] The data came from Qinghai Bureau of Statistics and were analyzed by descriptive methods. [Results] Data analysis showed that the consumption of cereals and vegetable in 1985 tended to decrease and the consumption of fat and oil, meat, egg, milk and fruit in 1997 tended to increase. The urban residents consumed more fat and oil, meat, but less eggs, milk and vegetable. Meanwhile, the rural residents consumed more cereals and fat, meat, but less eggs, vegetable during 20 years. The desirable dietary pattern （DDP） scores for residents were the same resuhs. [ Conclusion ] For Qinghai residents, the dietary pattern have been improved, but it becomes more differential between urban and rural residents. More attention should be paid to the potential reasonable direction of food consumption and adjustment of dietary pattern in Qinghai Province, especially in rural area.