板栗一次花冬前及冬后花序的分化发育研究

Study on the Differentiation and Develop Process of Pre-winter and Post-winter Inflorescence of Chinese Chestnut(Castanea mollissima Bl.) First Flowering

应用石蜡切片法结合田间调查,研究了板栗(Castanea mollissimaBl.)一次花冬前及冬后花序的分化发育过程。结果表明:板栗冬前花序原基的形成始于6月中旬,终止于8月中旬;冬季休眠前,这些花序原基仅分化出花簇苞片原基;翌年4月初顶芽露绿时继续分化花簇苞片原基,并在其内侧分化花簇原基。冬前花序原基全部发育成雄花序。冬后花序原基源于上年8月中旬冬前花序原基停止形成后,茎尖分生组织分化出的腋芽生长锥状原基;翌年4月初顶芽露绿时,这些突起迅速分化为花序原基。冬后花序原基可发育成混合花序或雄花序。冬前及冬后两类花序原基在形态及发育过程上都存在较大差异。

Differemiation and develop processes of pre - winter and post - winter inflorescence of Chinese chestnut （ Castanea mollissima Bl. ） first flowering were studied by paraffin cut and field investigation. Results showed that, primordial formation of pre- winter inflorescence of the variety Qianeidabanli＇initiated in mid- June, and terminated in mid- August. And it developed flower cluster bract primordial before dormancy. In early April of next year, when apical buds became green and budded, these inflorescence primordial continued flower cluster bract primordial developing, and flower duster primordial appeared at the inner of the flower cluster bract. Field investigation results showed that, such inflorescence primordial would develop into staminate inflorescence. The primordial of post - winter inflorescence originated from lateral - bud - meristem - like primordial, which formed by flower bud apieal meristem after the termination of primordial formation of pre -winter inflorescence; when shoot was budding the following year, these primordial developed into inflorescence primordial quickly, and could develop into female inflorescence or male inflorescence.