船闸紊动水体降解有机物的机理研究与应用

Study on Mechanics of Organics' Degradation by Shiplock's Turbulent Water and the Application

通过模拟实验与现场监测验证表明,葛洲坝船闸在不同的运行工况状态下产生的水流紊动强度和动能差异大,水体复氧速度、有机物降解速率不一,其生化需氧量浓度呈明显的变化。紊动使水文流场更加复杂,河流水力学性质由层流转变为紊流、回流、混合流,表现了典型的非线性机理特征。认为紊动动能k对降解速率k1的影响关系符合"一级反应"理论,建立了影响关系函数表达式。应用紊动水体对有机物降解机理关系,可利于水体的充氧,改善船闸水域的水环境质量。

The result of model test and site monitoring indicates that the turbulence＇s strength and kinetic energy induced by Gezhouba shiplock differ greatly under various working conditions. Water＇s oxygen restoring speed and organics＂ degradation rate are also different, thus the biochemical oxygen demands change obviously. Turbulence makes the hydrological flow field more complicated, and the hydraulic characters become turbulent flow, back-flow and mixed flow, which shows representative nonlinearity. It is regarded that the influence of turbulence＇s kinetic energy k on degradation speed kl accords with ＂ one-level reaction＂ theory. Relevant functional expression for the ＂ affection relation＂ is established, which is beneficial to water＇s oxygen restoring and improvement of water environment of the lock.