碳酸二甲酯的环境友好新应用与合成

PROGRESS IN THE ENVIRONMENTALLY BENIGN REACTIONS AND SYNTHESIS OF DIMETHYL CARBONATE

着重介绍碳酸二甲酯（DMC）在多相催化中的新应用。DMC与苯胺在温和条件下，以铅化合物催化生成聚碳酸酯单体；在MoO3／SiO2催化下生成碳酸二苯酯而取代剧毒的光气做为羧基化剂。DMC在碱性分子筛催化下，能选择性地与苯胺、苯酚发生甲基化反应以代替硫酸二甲酯做为甲基化剂。DMC与硅的反应提供了合成硅烷的简捷新路线。在固体碱的催化下，CO2能与甲醇发生反应而直接合成DMC.

The latest progresses in the environmentally benign reactions, specially in heteroge neous catalytic reactions, and synthesis of dimethyl carbonate(DMC) were introduced.The methyoxycarbonylation of aniline with DMC, giving methyl N -phenyl carbonate, occurred in a mild condition in the presence of a lead compound. DMC could react with phenol to produce methyl phenyl carbonate on MoO3/SiO2, offering a non-phosgene route tO isocyanates.Aniline and phenol were selectively. methylated with DMC over basic zeolites in the vaporphase. The reaction of DMC with silica offered a simple and clean method for synthesizing Si(OCH3)4. On solid bases, CO2 could react with methanol to synthesize DMC.