9种中药材对5种植物病原真菌抑菌作用的研究

Antifungal Activity of 9 Chinese Medicinal Plant Extracts against 5 Pathogenic Fungi

采用9种中药材的乙醇提取液(用药浓度为1000μg/mL),对油菜菌核病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、小麦纹枯病菌、苹果轮纹病菌、番茄灰霉病菌进行了抑菌试验,结果发现,9种中药材乙醇提取物对5种植物病原菌均表现出不同程度的抑制作用。其中穿心莲抑菌作用范围最广,对5种植物病原菌抑菌率均超过50%。尤其是对苹果轮纹病菌抑菌作用最强,抑菌率达到了96.96%,效果最好。远志对油菜菌核病菌抑菌率达82.37%,对苹果轮纹病菌达66.55%,抑菌效果明显。甘草也有较好的抑菌效果。对穿心莲、远志、甘草作植物源杀菌剂值得进一步研究。

Antifungal activity of 9 alcohol extract of Andrographis paniculate, Polyala tenuifolia Willd, Mentha haplocalyx Briq, Sterculia scaphigera Wall, Dryopteris Crassirhixoma Nakai （concentratlon is 1 000 g/mL） were assayed against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Botryosphaeria berengriana , Botrytis cinerea by measuring growth rates of pathogens. The alcohol extracts of 9 Chinese mendicines had different inhibition to the 5 different fungi species. Alcohol extract of Andrographis paniculate had the widest spectrum of inhibition,which provided over 50 % inhibition of all the 5 fungi species, and 96.96 % inhibition of Botryosphaeria berengriana. Polyala tenuifolia extract had 82. 37% inhibition of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,and 66.55 % inhibition of Botryosphaeria berengriana. Alcohol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis could effectively inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi. Tthe antifungal activity of the Andrographis paniculate, Polyala tenui f olia and Gl ycyrrhiza uralensis needs further study.