长期磷肥处理农田黑土细菌群落特征

Characteristics of bacterial community in an arable mollisol under long-term phosphorus fertilization

研究了公主岭国家黑土长期定位站不同施肥处理(对照、磷、氮-磷、氮-磷-钾、有机肥-磷、有机肥-氮-磷、有机肥-氮-磷-钾等)土壤基本理化性质及细菌群落特征.结果表明:有机肥处理土壤有机质(OM)、总氮(TN)、有效磷(AP)、碱解氮(AN)、速效钾(AK)等养分含量显著增加,而单施化肥各处理OM、AN含量无明显变化.与未施肥对照处理相比,有机肥-氮-磷配施与有机肥-氮-磷-钾配施处理总细菌磷脂脂肪酸分别增加34%和62%,G+菌磷脂脂肪酸分别增加58%和74%,G-菌磷脂脂肪酸分别增加64%和69%.各化肥处理细菌脂肪酸含量均有所下降,以磷处理最低.除G+菌磷脂脂肪酸外(有机肥-磷配施显著大于氮-磷-钾肥配施),氮-磷肥配施、氮-磷-钾肥配施与有机肥-磷肥配施三者间细菌脂肪酸含量无显著差异.相关分析表明,各细菌磷脂脂肪酸与OM、AP、AN、AK、NO3--N含量呈极显著相关.

Soil samples were taken from the Gongzhuling national long-term experimental station in Jilin Province of Northeast China to study their basic physical and chemical properties and the characteristics of bacterial community under different fertilization systems,i.e.,CK,P,N-P,N-P-K,manure-P,manure-N-P,and manure-N-P-K.The results showed that applying manure increased the contents of soil organic matter（OM）,total nitrogen（TN）,available phosphorus（AP）,alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen（AN）and available potassium（AK）significantly,while applying chemical fertilizers had no significant effects on the contents of soil OM and AN.Comparing with CK,the total bacterial phospholipid fatty acids,G^＋ bacterial phospholipid fatty acids,and G^- bacterial phospholipid fatty acids in treatments manure-N-P and manure-N-P-K increased by 34% and 62%,58% and 74%,and 64% and 69%,respectively.Applying chemical fertilizers,especially P,decreased the bacterial phospholipid fatty acids.Except G＋ bacterial phospholipid fatty acids whose content was significantly higher in treatment manure-P than in treatment N-P-K,the bacterial phospholipid fatty acids had no significant difference between treatments N-P,N-P-K and manure-P.There existed significant correlations between various groups of bacterial phospholipid fatty acids and soil OM,AN,AP,AK,and NO3^--N.